Management: Organizational Behavior Study Guide

MGT 341 Exam II Study Guide 1. Force (Article and Book) a. Which means of Power †â€Å"The capacity to impact different results: or The capacity to â€Å"make things happen† or â€Å"get things done† I. People/Groups are attempted to have power dependent on the accompanying variables: * Ability to adapt to Uncertainty * Substitutability †the lower the substitutability the more noteworthy the force. * Organizational Centrality †the more focal an individual/bunch is to an association; the more noteworthy the force. Job and Task Interdependence †if the exercises of an individual/bunch rely upon the exercises of someone else/gathering - > the last is considered to have more prominent control or force. b. Relationship of Power to Authority †Power and Authority are firmly identified with the idea of initiative. ii. Authority †Situations in which an individual/bunch has been officially conceded an administration position. iii. Real Power †once in the past endorsed by association (Contractual) or casually upheld by singular/gathering (Consensual). iv.Executive/Managerial Power †coordinated towards making and keeping up a functioning association †perfect of changing the association to it’s most noteworthy potential. c. Selected versus Developing Leaders (Formal versus Casual) d. Kinds of Power: Yellow = Position Power Red = Personal Power Positional Power †Organization * Appointed pioneers/formal force †**Most Common Form of Power** * Easily constrained by the association. * Attributed to the Position as opposed to the person. * Appointed from upper level administration. 1.Reward Power †The degree to which an individual controls compensates someone else values (Can give individuals things they need; fulfill needs). 2. Genuine Power †Power conceded by righteousness of one’s position. 3. Coercive Power †The degree to which an individual can rebuff or truly/mentally hurt a nother person (do awful things to an individual). Individual Power †Personal/Individual †Emergent (I. e. as the individual becomes accustomed to the earth they may â€Å"emerge† expertly or when there is a gathering that doesn't have a clear head figure, one will â€Å"emerge† normally. Credited to the Individual instead of the association. * Not effortlessly impacted by the association. * Influence is â€Å"earned† or increased subsequent to â€Å"proving ones self. † Expert Power †The degree to which an individual controls remunerates someone else values. (Can give individuals things they need; fulfill needs). 1. Referent Power †Exists when one individual needs to resemble another person r mimics another person. (in view of esteem and regard). e. Situational Variables that can give power. v. Capacity to adapt to vulnerability vi.Substitutability †The degree to which another person in the association can â€Å"Substitute† for another person. (The lower the substitutability the more noteworthy the force). vii. Authoritative Centrality †the more focal an individual is to the assignment or procedures of the association, the more prominent the force. viii. Job and Take Interdependence †If the exercises of an individual or gathering are subject to that of someone else/bunch > the last has the force. f. Initiative Motive Syndrome †The requirement for power must be more noteworthy than the requirement for affiliation.Must avoid being seen as Impulsive, Coercive, or Manipulative. g. Acknowledgment Theory †chief's position is gotten from subordinates' acknowledgment, rather than the various leveled power structure of the association h. Force Gap †Difference between formal positional force allowed and the genuine force required to achieve objectives. ix. The most effective method to â€Å"Fill the Gap† > * Acquiring Information and Ideas * Assess Who has Power * Good Relat ionships * Interpersonal Skills * Networks (power building apparatus) * Create Valued Agendas Image and Track Record 2. Administration: I. Quality Approaches: x. Concentrate â€Early moves toward concentrated on those individual qualities and characteristics physical, mental, and social. The exploration is regularly named the â€Å"Great Person† hypothesis of administration (it was accepted pioneers were not quite the same as normal individuals dependent on character and physical attributes) â€Å"leaders are conceived, not made†. 5 individual qualities appeared to be identified with compelling authority: insight, predominance, fearlessness, elevated levels of vitality and movement, and errand significant information. I. Issues †Relationship between these attributes and proof of successful administration isn't especially solid. On account of every trademark, there have been huge examinations that have either not indicated any relationship with compelling authori ty or found a negative relationship. Consequently, gives an inadequate image of initiative xii. Reappearance of Interest †reappeared as a promising exploration territory, particularly as far as looking at explicit attributes identified with the viability/accomplishment in various authoritative settings.Studies from the 80’s and 90’s recommend there are various characteristics that do add to powerful administration: Drive, initiative inspiration, genuineness and trustworthiness, fearlessness, reverberation, subjective capacity and information on the business. Alone, these don't ensure initiative achievement, yet they can help for progress. xiii. Key Dimensions for â€Å"Magic† or Charismatic Leadership †3 key measurements are imagining, invigorating and empowering. â€Å"Natural Leaders†, empower motivate, imagining make and impart picture, empowering empower others * Linking to Results †Finding the right quality that gives you positive resu lts.The results ought to be adjusted, key, enduring, and sacrificial. This connection among qualities and results enhances our comprehension of the connection between pioneer attributes and initiative adequacy j. Social Approaches: Focused on the different personal conduct standards or styles utilized by various pioneers and the capacities satisfied by these people. xiv. Vote based †Leading through gathering information and dynamic. xv. Dictatorial †Leading by order xvi. Free enterprise Leading through negligible investment by the pioneer and recompense of absolute gathering opportunity xvii. College of Michigan Studies †Research into conduct parts of authority. Were worried about two diverse pioneer directions: one toward representatives and the other toward creation. The outcomes proposed that a solid direction to creation took after the absolutist initiative style, while a solid worker direction was characteristic of the equitable authority style. xviii. *Ohio Stat e Studies †Similar to Michigan examines. Two fundamental variables determined: starting structure and thought for others.See pages 214-215 xix. *Managerial Grid > Concern for individuals and creation, utilizes 5 areas on framework, need administrators to be a 9,9. Most well known Concern for People Concern for People Concern for Results (1,1) = LCP and LCR, (1,9) = HFP and LCR, (9,9) = HCP and HCR, (9,1) = HCR and LCP. 1,9| | 9,9| | 5,5| | 1,1| | 9,1| * Based on a â€Å"Concern for People† and â€Å" Concern for Production† * Includes Motivation xx. Likert’s Linking Pin and System 4 thoughts Likert found that the Traditional View of the executives (close oversight/high structure) just PARTLY clarified the jobs of supervisors. * Believed that administrators are individuals from (2) distinctive workgroups 1. Individual is liable FOR. > Subordinates 2. Individual is mindful TO (Traditional View of Supervision). > Leaders * Power originates from the ca pacity to portion power Upward and Lateral (Peer Managers) * (2) Elements must be taken a gander at: I. Undertaking Component ii. Human Component * Approach comprises of Integrated Workgroups. * Managers are individuals from various Workgroups. xi. Framework 4-(participative)- directors trust their subordinates and objective setting and dynamic are cooperative exercises. k. Possibility Approaches †This viewpoint recommends that there is no â€Å"one best way† to lead in all circumstances; rather, the best style of initiative is unexpected or subject to the circumstance. Possibility speculations consolidate the quality methodology and the social/practical hypotheses to propose the best chiefs are those people who can adjust their styles to the requests of a circumstance, gathering, or qualities xxii.Situational Leadership †(Life-Cycle Theory of Leadership) pg 225 xxiii. Way Goal Model †The pioneer influences subordinates’ execution by explaining the pract ices (ways) that will prompt wanted prizes (objectives). Sorts of pioneer practices: mandate, strong, participative, accomplishment arranged. Situational factor which impact how pioneer conduct identifies with subordinate fulfillment: individual qualities of the subordinates, attributes of condition. xxiv.Vroom-Yetton Leadership-Participation Model †pg 227 xxv. Official Coaching †Private gathering to talk about and deal with individual learning and improvement issues. Criticism instructing (advisor)- giving input and helping individual in building up an activity intend to address need or issues that are watched (360 input; 1-6 months, not very serious) top to bottom training (guide)- closer, personal connection, different appraisals and conversation widely used to create relational abilities, and so forth 6-12 months+) Content instructing (mentor)- give pioneer information and aptitudes for explicit zone (IT, acquisitions, globalization, and so on. ; time changes, however moderately short) l. 4. Substitutes for Leadership †Leadership substitutes: individual, task, and hierarchical qualities that will in general exceed the leader’s capacity to influence subordinates fulfillments and execution. Authority neutralizers: facto

Narrative (fiction) texts Essay

Youngsters should have the option to recognize account writings from interpretive ones. For a youngster to be acquainted with each sort of content intends to have sound communicational, scientific, perusing, and composing aptitudes. DQ 14 It is important that youngsters can recognize explanatory writings from account works of composing. By and large, there are a few highlights which make account and explanatory writings unique in relation to one another. Story (fiction) writings are loaded up with various tactile subtleties. Individual experience is certifiably not an uncommon subject of fiction stories. Fiction scholarly works are normally told from a first person’s see. In numerous examples, the creator of a fiction story will allude to individual understanding of occasions and marvels by utilizing â€Å"I† or â€Å"we† pronouns. Informative (true to life) writings are essentially planned for advising, clarifying, or convincing the peruser. Explanatory writings are not hued with feelings, being composed from a non-individual (frequently impartially objective) perspective, and conveying no tactile subtleties. Explanatory writings are never written in the main individual (Vacca, 1999). Kids ought to have the option to separate interpretive writings from account artistic works. Kids need these aptitudes to peruse and decipher writings, to have the option to look and investigate the necessary data, to pick a right composing style as indicated by the particular composing needs and conditions (Vacca, 1999). The procedure of training requires utilizing either explanatory or account data as the wellspring of information on different educational program subjects. To comprehend the importance of a word, to speak with crowds, to procure new data, and to utilize this data to accomplish individual objectives, kids need to have sound information on what a fiction, and what a genuine book is. The five instances of fiction books: Louis Ehlert’s Red Leaf, Yellow Leaf; Mary Hoffman’s Amazing Grace; Jerry Stanley’s Children on the Dust Bowl; Harriette Gillem Robinet’s Children of the Fire; Marya Dasef’s Tales of a Texas Boy. The five instances of true to life books: DK Publishing’s Children’s History of the twentieth century; Delia Ray’s A Nation Torn: The Story of How the Civil War Began; Anne Millard’s Pyramids; Aliki’s Communication; Russell Freedman’s Children of the Wild West. References Vacca, R. T. (1999). Content territory perusing: Literacy and learning over the educational program. New York: Longman.

Literary Journal Concepts Youre Free To Steal And Make A Reality

Literary Journal Concepts Youre Free To Steal And Make A Reality In perhaps my most Guy In Your MFA opening line ever: Me and another guy in my MFA program have made a pastime of coming up with fake names and concepts for literary journals. Please feel free to make any of these ideas a reality, but do be so kind as to give me some type of honorary title on your masthead. A free copy would also be cool. Anyway, here are a few of the better ones: ZYZZYZA (or simply, ZA) Due to naming similarities, ZAs main competition would probably be ZYZZYVA. A journal of contemporary poetry, fiction, and creative nonfiction, each issue of ZA is delivered to readers printed in its entirety on a pizza box, with a fresh pie included. The inclusion of a one-topping za, plus tip and a delivery fee, would make this a more expensive investment for readers, but imagine scarfing down warm slices of pepperoni pizza in order to slowly reveal a short story by Joyce Carol Oates or a poem by Laura Kasischke. Airhead: A Journal of Poetry Option A: Every poem accepted by Airhead is printed on parchment paper, rolled up inside a biodegradable helium balloon, and released outside of the nearest window. Readership is subject to random gusts of wind and inclement weather. Option B: Each poem is printed on a biodegradable helium balloon and delivered to readers in a colorful bouquet. Imagine, poems could float about your apartment for days. Guy In Your MFA Quarterly A quarterly journal founded and edited by Guy In Your MFA. All poetry and prose included in each issue is written and edited by Guy In Your MFA. Unsolicited book reviews submissions are allowed, but must be positive, thought-provoking criticism on works written by Guy In Your MFA. Billboard Billboard exclusively publishes six-word stories. Each work accepted by Billboard is printed on a random billboard within the authors home state or province. Billboard Review A journal dedicated to publishing the best work that directly or tangentially examines billboards and billboard culture. Emerging and established writers alike are encouraged to submit work. MENU An food-menu-themed aggregator of the best poems, stories, essays, and other writing found online each week. Appetizers could shorter reads, such as flash fiction. Confetti An international journal dedicated to providing exposure for emerging writers at professional sporting events, concerts, New Years Eve bashes, and other major celebrations. Every piece of writing accepted by Confetti is printed thousands of times on recycled paper and promptly shredded, after which it is used as confetti at festivities across the globe. Paper Plane Prose A sister journal to Airhead.